Best Doctors experts are selected from the Best Doctors in America® List. The Best Doctors in America List is our proprietary database that includes the world’s top medical specialists. Physicians are selected to be on this list only after being nominated via our poll, in which physicians are asked, “If you or a loved one needed a physician in a given specialty, to whom would you refer?” Physicians cannot pay to be included on the Best Doctors in America® List or nominate themselves for consideration. This list includes more than 50,000 physicians worldwide in more than 450 medical specialties and subspecialties.